Thiazoles are very important functional groups in medicinal chemistry. They act as ligands on a variety of biological matrices. Thiazoles are used in a wide range of therapeutic applications, such as antibacterial, antiretroviral, antifungal, antiallergic, antihypertensive, pain treatment, and to control symptoms of schizophrenia.
Oxazoles are heterocyclic aromatic compounds containing one oxygen atom and one nitrogen atom, separated by a carbon atom. The presence of two heteroatoms (oxygen and nitrogen) provides possible interactions (hydrogen, hydrophobic, van der Waals or dipole bonds) with a wide range of receptors and enzymes. Oxazole rings are valuable heterocyclic scaffolds for the design of novel therapeutics with anticancer, antiviral, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, antidiabetic, and antidepressant properties due to their wide range of targets and biological activities.