Pyrrolidine, also known as tetrahydropyrrole, is a saturated five-membered heterocyclic ring, which is miscible with water. Pyrrolidine exists in many alkaloids and drug molecules, such as kappa opioids, antagonists of dopamine D4 receptors, and HIV reverse transcriptase inhibitors.
Isoxazole is a liquid heterocyclic compound C3H3NO isomeric with oxazole and having a penetrating odor like that of pyridine. Isoxazoles belong to an important class of five-membered aromatic heterocycles containing two electronegative heteroatoms, nitrogen and oxygen, in a 1,2-relationship and three regular sp2 carbon atoms. These molecules are found to be key components in various synthetic products in daily use and also present as a pharmacophore essential for biological activity in many drugs and bioactive natural products. In addition, isoxazoles have demonstrated their ability to exhibit hydrogen bond donor/acceptor interactions with a variety of enzymes and receptors.
Pyrones or pyranones are a class of heterocyclic chemical compounds. They contain an unsaturated six-membered ring containing one oxygen atom and a ketone functional group. There are two isomers denoted as 2-pyrone and 4-pyrone. 2-Pyrone is used in organic synthesis as a building block for more complex chemical structures because it may participate in a variety of cycloaddition reactions to form bicyclic lactones. Pyrone derivatives are extremely prevalent structural motif in diverse naturally and synthetically occurring bioactive molecules having a broad array of chemotherapeutic potentials.
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