Thiazoles are very important functional groups in medicinal chemistry. They act as ligands on a variety of biological matrices. Thiazoles are used in a wide range of therapeutic applications, such as antibacterial, antiretroviral, antifungal, antiallergic, antihypertensive, pain treatment, and to control symptoms of schizophrenia.
Compared to quinolines, isoquinolines are also prominent structural motifs present in many biologically significant natural and synthetic compounds. Some well-known isoquinoline alkaloids include the anticancer and anticonvulsant berberine, the vasodilator and antispasmodic drugs papaverine and emetine. In addition to naturally occurring isoquinolines, synthetic analogs have also shown significant biological activity.