Anthracene is a condensed aromatic hydrocarbon containing three rings. The center of the three rings of anthracene is in a straight line, which is the isomer of phenanthrene. The chemical activity of the 9 and 10 positions in the anthracene molecule is relatively high. It is oxidized with nitric acid to generate 9, 10-anthraquinone, which is an important intermediate for the synthesis of anthraquinone dyes. Anthracene can also act as a conjugated diene in a Diels-Alder reaction with maleic anhydride.
Phenanthrene is a crystalline tricyclic aromatic hydrocarbon with the molecular formula C14H10. The centers of the three rings of phenanthrene are not in a straight line and are the isomers of anthracene. In medicine, phenanthrene can synthesize alkaloids. Although phenanthrene is considered a relatively small natural product, discovering new phenanthrene derivatives and evaluating their potential biological activity has become of great interest to many research groups worldwide.
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