Nanoparticles are microscopic particles between 1 and 100 nanometers in size. They have a higher specific surface area than larger particles in the same material, giving them stronger chemical and physical properties. Nanoparticles have a wide range of applications. In the medical field, nanoparticles can be used as drug delivery systems to release drugs in the body, thereby improving the efficacy of drugs and reducing side effects. In solar cells, nanoparticles can be used to increase the efficiency of solar cells. Nanoparticles can also be used in electronics, such as display technology and flexible electronics, to make smaller, faster and more flexible electronic devices.
Quantum Dots (QDs) are nanoscale semiconductor materials, usually composed of dozens to hundreds of atoms. They have attracted much attention because of their photoluminescence effect of emitting specific wavelength spectrum under external excitation. Quantum dots have many special properties, the most important of which is that their band structure can be tuned by controlling their size and shape. This makes them have a wide range of applications in materials science, semiconductor physics, electronics and optics. For example, quantum dots can be used to make efficient solar cells, single photon sources, biological imaging and fluorescent probes.
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