Fluorine is the most electronegative element in the periodic table, and the fluorine atom has a small atomic radius, so fluorine-containing organic compounds have many wonderful properties. For example, the introduction of fluorine atoms or fluorine-containing groups into drug molecules can improve the permeability to cell membranes, metabolic stability and bioavailability; in addition, the introduction of fluorine atoms will improve the lipid solubility of the compound and promote its absorption in the body. The speed of delivery changes the physiological effect. In the field of medicinal chemistry, the introduction of fluorine atoms into organic molecules is an important direction for the development of new anticancer drugs, antitumor drugs, antiviral agents, anti-inflammatory drugs, and central nervous system drugs.
Borates are classified as critical materials, they are the main source of boron and have a variety of industrial applications. Organic trifluoroborate is stable to heat, air and humidity, and is a very convenient crystalline boric acid compound. Since it has a tetra-coordinated boronic acid structure after the substitution of fluorine, it does not exhibit Lewis acidity and is stable to oxidation conditions. In addition, it can be regarded as the protector of boronic acid and boronic acid ester, which can be converted into each other. The compound can generally exist stably in organic solvents, but will decompose in protic solvents to liberate trivalent boron, so it can be directly used as a substrate for Suzuki coupling. The difference between trifluoroborate and boric acid is that it must exist in a monomeric form, so the equivalent weight can be closely controlled.